It is not possible to perfectly translate the names and attributes of Allah from their original Arabic into English. However, here are some fairly close explanations.

Allah
He who has the power to create the entities. 

Ar-Rahman (The Most Merciful)
The One who has plenty of mercy for the believers and the blasphemers in this world and especially for the believers in the hereafter.
 

Ar-Rahim (The most Compassionate)
The One who has plenty of mercy for the believers.
 

Al-Malik (The King, the Monarch)
The One with the complete Dominion, the One Whose Dominion is clear from imperfection.
 

Al-Qudtus (The Holy one)
The One who is pure from any imperfection and clear from children and adversaries.
 

As-Salam (The Peace, The Tranquility)
The One who is free from every imperfection.
 

Al-Mu'min (The Faithful, The Trusted)
The One who witnessed for Himself that no one is God but Him. And He witnessed for His believers that they are truthful in their belief that no one is God but Him.
 

Al-Muhaymin (The Protector, The vigilant, the controller)
The One who witnesses the saying and deeds of His creatures.
 

Al-'Aziz (The Mighty, The Almighty, the powerful)
The Defeater who is not defeated.
 

Al-Jabbar (The oppressor, the all Compelling)
The One that nothing happens in His Dominion except that which He willed.
 

Al-Mutakabbir (The Haughty, the Majestic, The Imperious)
The One who is clear from the attributes of the creatures and from resembling them.
 

Al-Khaliq (The Creator, the Maker)
The One who brings everything from non-existence to existence.
 

Al-Bari' (The Artificer, the Creator )
The Creator who has the Power to turn the entities.

Al-Musawwir (The Fashioner , The Organiser the Designer)
The One who forms His creatures in different pictures.
 

Al-Ghaffar (The Forgiving, the Forgiver )
The One who forgives the sins of His slaves time and time again.

Al-Qahhar (The Almighty, the Dominant )
The Subduer who has the perfect Power and is not unable over anything.

Al-Wahhab (Halal or Haram. The Donor, the Bestower)
The One who is Generous in giving plenty without any return. e is everything that benefits whether  

Ar-Razzaq
The Provider, the Sustainer 

Al-Fattah (The Opener, the Revealer)
The One who opens for His slaves the closed worldy and religious matters.
 

Al-'Alim (The all Knowing, the Omniscient)
The Knowledgeable; The One nothing is absent from His knowledge.
 

Al-Qabid (The Contractor, The Restrainer, the Recipient. )
The One who constricts the sustenance.

Al-Basit (The Expander, He who expands )
The One who expands and widens.

Al-Khafid 
The One who lowers whoever He willed by His Destruction.
The Abaser, the Humbler 

Ar-Rafi' (The Raiser, the Exhalter)
The One who raises whoever He willed by His Endowment.
 

Al-Mu'iz (The Honorer, the Exhalter)
He gives esteem to whoever He willed, hence there is no one to degrade Him; 
 

Al-Muzil (The Abaser, the Degrader, the Subduer)
Degrades whoever he willed, hence there is no one to give him esteem.
 

As-Sami' (The Hearer, The All hearing, all knowing)
The One who Hears all things that are heard by His Eternal Hearing without an ear, instrument or organ.
. 

Al-Basir (The Seer, The discerning, the All seeing.)
The One who Sees all things that are seen by His Eternal Seeing without a pupil or any other instrument.
 

Al-Hakam (The arbitrator, the Judge)
He is the Ruler and His judgment is His Word.
 

Al-'Adl (The justice, the equitable. The Just.)
The One who is entitled to do what He does.
 

Al-Latif (The One who is kind )
The Most Gentle, the Gracious.

Al-Khabir (The Aware. The Segacious, one is who is aware. )
The One who knows the truth of things.

Al-Halim (The Gentle. The most patient, the Clement.)
The One who delays the punishment for those who deserve it and then He might forgive them.
 

Al-'Azim (The Great, Mighty)
The One deserving the attributes of Exaltment, Glory, Extolement,and Purity from all imperfection.
 

Al-Ghafoor (The Forgiving, the Pardoner.)
The One who forgives a lot.
 

Ash-Shakur (The Grateful, the Thankful)
The One who gives a lot of reward for a little obedience.
 

Al-'Ali (The most high, the exhalted.)
The One who is clear from the attributes of the creatures.
 

Al-Kabir (The great, the big.)
The One who is greater than everything in status.
 

Al-Hafiz (The Guardian, the preserver.)
The One who protects whatever and whoever He willed to protect.
 

Al-Muqit (The maintainer, The Nourisher )
The One who has the Power.

Al-Hasib (The noble, The Reckoner)
The One who gives the satisfaction.
 

Aj-Jalil (The Majestic. The honorable, the exhalted.)
The One who is attributed with greatness of Power and Glory of status.
 

Al-Karim (The most generous, the Bountiful.)
The One who is clear from abjectness.
 

Ar-Raqib (The Guardian, the watchful. Watcher.)
The One that nothing is absent from Him. Hence it's meaning is related to the attribute of Knowledge.
 

Al-Mujib (The respindent, one who answers. )
The One who answers the one in need if he asks Him and rescues the yearner if he calls upon Him.
The Responder.

Al-Wasi' 
The Englober. The enricher, the Omnipresent, the Knowledgeable. 

Al-Hakim (The most Wise, the Judicious.)
The One who is correct in His doings.
 

Al-Wadud 
The Affectionate, the Loving. 

Al-Majid (The Glorious, the exhalted.)
The One who is with perfect Power, High Status, Compassion, Generosity and Kindness.
 

Al-Ba'ith (The Resurrector, the Raiser from death.)
The One who resurrects for reward and/or punishment.
 

Ash-Shahid (The Witness)
The One who nothing is absent from Him.

 
Al-Haqq (The Truth, the Just.)
The One who truly exists.
 

Al-Wakil (The Guardian, the Trustee)
The One who gives the satisfaction and is relied upon.
 

Al-Qawee (The powerful, the Almighty, The Strong)
The One with the complete Power.
 

Al-Matin (The Strong, the Firm)
The One with extreme Power which is un-interrupted and He does not get tired.
 

Al-Walee 
The Supporter, the Friend, the Defender the master. 

Al-Hamid (The Praiseworthy , the Commendable)
The praised One who deserves to be praised.
 

Al-Muhsi (The Counter )
The One who the count of things are known to him.

Al-Mubdi' (The Beginner, the Creator, The Originator )
The One who started the human being. That is, He created him.

Al-Mu'eed (The Restorer, the Resurrector.)
The One who brings back the creatures after death.
 

Al-Muhyee (The Bestower, the Life Giver.)
The One who took out a living human from semen that does not have a soul. He gives life by giving the souls back to the worn out bodies on the resurrection day and He makes the hearts alive by the light of knowledge.
 

Al-Mumeet (The Death Giver.)
The One who renders the living dead.
The Bringer of Death.  

Al-Hayy (The Living. The Alive, the ever living.)
The One attributed with a life that is unlike our life and is not that of a combination of soul, flesh or blood.
 

Al-Qayyum (The Self-Subsistent, The Eternal, the Self Sustaining)
The One who remains and does not end.
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Al-Wajid (The all percieving, the Opulent, the Finder.)
The Rich who is never poor. Al-Wajd is Richness.
 

Al-Majid (The Noble, the illustrous. )
The One who is Majid.

Al-Wahid (The One, the Unique. )
The One without a partner.

Al-Ahad 
The only, the Unique. 

As-Samad (The Perfect, the Eternal.)
The Master who is relied upon in matters and reverted to in ones needs.
 

Al-Qadir (The Able, the Capable, the Omnipotent.)
The One attributed with Power.
 

Al-Muqtadir (The Capable, The all Powerful)
The One with the perfect Power that nothing is withheld from Him.
 

Al-Muqadtim (The Presenter, The Advancer, The Expediter)
He makes ahead what He wills.
 

Al-Mu'akhkhir (The Fulfiller, the keeper behind, The Deferrer )
The One who delays what He wills.

Al-'Awwal (The First)
The One whose Existence is without a beginning.
 

Al-'Akhir (The Last )
The One whose Existence is without an end.

Az-Zahir (The Apparent, the Exterior, The Manifest)
The One that nothing is above Him and nothing is underneath Him, hence He exists without a place. 

Al-Batin 
The Hidten, the Interior, the Latent 

Al-Wali (The Ruler, The Master)
The One who owns things and manages them.
The Governor,  

Al-Muta'ali (The Exalted, The most high, one above reproach.)
The One who is clear from the attributes of the creation.
 

Al-Barr (The Benefactor, The Beneficient, the Pious.)
The One who is kind to His creatures, who covered them with His sustenance and specified whoever He willed among them by His support, protection, and special mercy.
 

At-Tawwab (The Acceptor of Repentance, The Forgiver, the Relenting. )
The One who grants repentance to whoever He willed among His creatures and accepts his repentance.

Al-Muntaqim (The Avenger)
The One who victoriously prevails over His enemies and punishes them for their sins. It may mean the One who destroys them.
 

Al-'Afuww (The Forgiver, the effacer, the Pardoner)
The One with wide forgiveness.
 

Ar-Ra'uf (The merciful, the Ever Indulgent.)
The One with extreme Mercy. The Mercy of Allah is His will to endow upon whoever He willed among His creatures.
 

Al-Muqsit (The Just the Equitable)
The One who is Just in His judgment.
 

Aj-Jami' (The Collector, the comprehensive, Gatherer )
The One who gathers the creatures on a day that there is no doubt about, that is the Day of Judgment.

Al-Ghanee (The rich, the all sufficing, Self-Sufficient )
The One who does not need the creation.

Al-Mughnee (The Enricher, sufficer, the bestower.)
The One who satisfies the necessities of the creatures.
 

Al-Mani' (The Preventer, the prohibiter, the defender.)
The Supporter who protects and gives victory to His pious believers. Al-Mu'tiy 
The Withholder
 

Ad-Darr (The Distresser , The afflictor, the bringer of Adversity.)
The One who makes harm reach to whoever He willed.
 

An-Nafi' (The Beneficialm Benefactor )
The One who gives benefits to whoever He wills.

An-Nur (The Light )
The One who guides.

Al-Hadi (The Guide)
The One whom with His Guidance His belivers were guided, and with His Guidance the living beings have been guided to what is beneficial or them and protected from what is harmful to them.
 

Al-Badi' (The Wonderful, the maker, Incomparable )
The One who created the creation and formed it without any preceding example.

Al-Baqi (The Enduring, the Everlasting, the eternal )
The One that the state of non-existence is impossible for Him.

Al-Warith (The Inheritor, The Heir)
The One whose Existence remains.
 

Ar-Rashid (The Rightly Guided, The Concious, the Guide)
The One who guides.
 

As-Sabur (The most Patient, the Enduring)
The One who does not quickly punish the sinners.
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Malik Al-Mulk (The Ruler of the Kingdom, king of the Universe )
The One who controls the Dominion and gives dominion to whoever He willed.

Zul-l-Jalal wal-Ikram (Lord of Majesty and Generosity)
The One who deserves to be Exalted and not denied.