| During the centuries of the 
                    crusades, all sorts of slanders were invented against 
                    Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). But with the birth of the modern 
                    age, marked with religious tolerance and freedom of thought, 
                    there has been a great change in the approach of Western 
                    authors in their delineation of his life and character. The 
                    views of some non-Muslim scholars regarding Prophet 
                    Muhammad, given at the end, justify this opinion. But the West has still to go a step forward to discover 
                    the greatest reality about Muhammad and that is his being 
                    the true and the last Prophet of God for the whole 
                    humanity. In spite of all its objectivity and 
                    enlightenment there has been no sincere and objective 
                    attempt by the West to understand the Prophethood of 
                    Muhammad (pbuh). It is so strange that very glowing tributes 
                    are paid to him for his integrity and achievement but his 
                    claim of being the Prophet of God has been rejected 
                    explicitly or implicitly. It is here that a searching of the 
                    heart is required, and a review of the so-called objectivity 
                    is needed. The following glaring facts from the life of 
                    Muhammad (pbuh) have been furnished to facilitate an 
                    unbiased, logical and objective decision regarding his 
                    Prophethood.  Up to the age of forty, Muhammad was not known as a 
                    statesman, a preacher or an orator. He was never seen 
                    discussing the principles of metaphysics, ethics, law, 
                    politics, economics or sociology. No doubt he possessed an 
                    excellent character, charming manners and was highly 
                    cultured. Yet there was nothing so deeply striking and so 
                    radically extraordinary in him that would make men expect 
                    something great and revolutionary from him in the future. 
                    But when he came out of the Cave (HIRA) with a new message, 
                    he was completely transformed. Is it possible for such a 
                    person of the above qualities to turn all of a sudden into 
                    'an impostor' and claim to be the Prophet of Allah and 
                    invite all the rage of his people? One might ask: for what 
                    reason did he suffer all those hardships? His people offered 
                    to accept him as their King and he would leave the preaching 
                    of his religion. But he chose to refuse their tempting 
                    offers and go on preaching his religion single-handedly in 
                    face of all kinds of insults, social boycott and even 
                    physical assault by his own people. Was it not only God's 
                    support and his firm will to disseminate the message of 
                    Allah and his deep-rooted belief that ultimately Islam would 
                    emerge as the only way of life for humanity, that he stood 
                    like a mountain in the face of all opposition and 
                    conspiracies to eliminate him? Furthermore, had he come with 
                    a design of rivalry with the Christians and the Jews, why 
                    should he have made belief in Jesus Christ and Moses and 
                    other Prophets of God (peace be upon them), a basic 
                    requirement of faith without which no one could be a Muslim?
                     Is it not an incontrovertible proof of his Prophethood 
                    that in spite of being unlettered and having led a very 
                    normal and quiet life for forty years, when he began 
                    preaching his message, all of Arabia stood in awe and wonder 
                    and was bewitched by his wonderful eloquence and oratory? It 
                    was so matchless that the whole legion of Arab poets, 
                    preachers and orators of the highest calibre failed to bring 
                    forth its equivalent. And above all, how could he then 
                    pronounce truths of a scientific nature contained in the 
                    Qur'an that no other human being could possible have 
                    developed at that time?  Last but not least, why did he lead a hard life even 
                    after gaining power and authority? Just ponder over the 
                    words he uttered while dying: "We the community of the 
                    Prophets are not inherited. Whatever we leave is for 
                    charity."  As a matter of fact, Muhammad (pbuh) is the last link of 
                    the chain of Prophets sent in different lands and times 
                    since the very beginning of the human life on this planet. 
                    Read the following writings of the Western authors:  
                      "If greatness of purpose, smallness of means, and 
                      astounding results are the three criteria of human genius, 
                      who could dare to compare any great man in modern history 
                      with Muhammad? The most famous men created arms, laws and 
                      empires only. They founded, if anything at all, no more 
                      than material powers which often crumbled away before 
                      their eyes. This man moved not only armies, legislations, 
                      empires, peoples and dynasties, but millions of men in 
                      one-third of the then inhabited world; and more than that, 
                      he moved the altars, the gods, the religions, the ideas, 
                      the beliefs and souls. . . his forbearance in victory, his 
                      ambition, which was entirely devoted to one idea and in no 
                      manner striving for an empire; his endless prayers, his 
                      mystic conversations with God, his death and his triumph 
                      after death; all these attest not to an imposture but to a 
                      firm conviction which gave him the power to restore a 
                      dogma. This dogma was twofold, the unity of God and the 
                      immateriality of God; the former telling what God is, the 
                      latter telling what God is not; the one overthrowing false 
                      gods with the sword, the other starting an idea with 
                      words.  "Philosopher, orator, apostle, legislator, warrior, 
                      conqueror of ideas, restorer of rational dogmas, of a cult 
                      without images; the founder of twenty terrestrial empires 
                      and of one spiritual empire, that is Muhammad. As regards 
                      all standards by which human greatness may be measured, we 
                      may well ask, is there any man greater than he?"
                      Lamartine, HISTOIRE DE LA TURQUIE, Paris, 1854, Vol. 
                      II, pp. 276-277.
 "It is not the propagation but the permanency of his 
                      religion that deserves our wonder, the same pure and 
                      perfect impression which he engraved at Mecca and Medina 
                      is preserved, after the revolutions of twelve centuries by 
                      the Indian, the African and the Turkish proselytes of the 
                      Koran. . . The Mahometans have uniformly withstood the 
                      temptation of reducing the object of their faith an 
                      devotion to a level with the senses and imagination of 
                      man. 'I believe in One God and Mahomet the Apostle of 
                      God' is the simple and invariable profession of Islam. 
                      The intellectual image of the Deity has never been 
                      degraded by any visible idol; the honours of the prophet 
                      have never transgressed the measure of human virtue, and 
                      his living precepts have restrained the gratitude of his 
                      disciples within the bounds of reason and religion." Edward Gibbon and Simon Ocklay, HISTORY OF THE SARACEN 
                      EMPIRE, London, 1870, p. 54.
 "He was Caesar and Pope in one; but he was Pope without 
                      Pope's pretensions, Caesar without the legions of Caesar: 
                      without a standing army, without a bodyguard, without a 
                      palace, without a fixed revenue; if ever any man had the 
                      right to say that he ruled by the right divine, it was 
                      Mohammed, for he had all the power without its instruments 
                      and without its supports." Bosworth Smith, MOHAMMAD AND MOHAMMADANISM, London, 
                      1874, p. 92.
 "It is impossible for anyone who studies the life and 
                      character of the great Prophet of Arabia, who knows how he 
                      taught and how he lived, to feel anything but reverence 
                      for that mighty Prophet, one of the great messengers of 
                      the Supreme. And although in what I put to you I shall say 
                      many things which may be familiar to many, yet I myself 
                      feel whenever I re-read them, a new way of admiration, a 
                      new sense of reverence for that mighty Arabian teacher."
                      Annie Besant, THE LIFE AND TEACHINGS OF MUHAMMAD, 
                      Madras,1932, p. 4.
 "His readiness to undergo persecutions for his beliefs, 
                      the high moral character of the men who believed in him 
                      and looked up to him as leader, and the greatness of his 
                      ultimate achievement - all argue his fundamental 
                      integrity. To suppose Muhammad an impostor raises more 
                      problems than it solves. Moreover, none of the great 
                      figures of history is so poorly appreciated in the West as 
                      Muhammad." W. Montgomery Watt, MOHAMMAD AT MECCA, Oxford, 1953, p. 
                      52.
 "Muhammad, the inspired man who founded Islam, was born 
                      about A.D. 570 into an Arabian tribe that worshipped 
                      idols. Orphaned at birth, he was always particularly 
                      solicitous of the poor and needy, the widow and the 
                      orphan, the slave and the downtrodden. At twenty, he was 
                      already a successful businessman, and soon became director 
                      of camel caravans for a wealthy widow. When he reached 
                      twenty-five, his employer, recognizing his merit, proposed 
                      marriage. Even though she was fifteen years older, he 
                      married her, and as long as she lived, remained a devoted 
                      husband.  "Like almost every major prophet before him, Muhammad 
                      fought shy of serving as the transmitter of God's word, 
                      sensing his own inadequacy. But the angel commanded 
                      "Read." So far as we know, Muhammad was unable to 
                      read or write, but he began to dictate those inspired 
                      words which would soon revolutionize a large segment of 
                      the earth: "There is one God."  "In all things Muhammad was profoundly practical. When 
                      his beloved son Ibrahim died, an eclipse occurred, and 
                      rumours of God's personal condolence quickly arose. 
                      Whereupon Muhammad is said to have announced, "An 
                      eclipse is a phenomenon of nature. It is foolish to 
                      attribute such things to the death or birth of a human 
                      being." "At Muhammad's own death an attempt was made 
                      to deify him, but the man who was to become his 
                      administrative successor killed the hysteria with one of 
                      the noblest speeches in religious history: "If there are 
                      any among you who worshipped Muhammad, he is dead. But if 
                      it is God you worshipped, He lives forever." James A. Michener, "ISLAM: THE MISUNDERSTOOD RELIGION," 
                      in READER'S DIGEST (American edition), May 1955, pp. 
                      68-70.
 "My choice of Muhammad to lead the list of the world's 
                      most influential persons may surprise some readers and may 
                      be questioned by others, but he was the only man in 
                      history who was supremely successful on both the religious 
                      and secular level." Michael H. Hart, THE 100: A RANKING OF THE MOST 
                      INFLUENTIAL PERSONS IN HISTORY, New York: Hart Publishing 
                      Company, Inc., 1978, p. 33.
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